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CC BY-NC-ND V4.0, Open Access
Preprint
Adaptive-like NK cell responses to influenza correlate with humoral immunity and are influenced by age and sex
bioRxiv
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, 1.1
28/05/2025
PMID: 40501653
Abstract
Influenza remains a global health threat, infecting approximately one billion people annually and causing significant mortality, particularly among older adults. While hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) antibody titers are a standard correlate of immunity against influenza, they do not reliably predict protection in high-risk populations. Using multiomic single-cell profiling, we identified a distinct subset of adaptive-like NK cells that respond to influenza antigen, predominantly in younger females. These TNFSF10+LGALS9+ NK cells exhibit features of adaptive NK cells but lack classical cytomegalovirus-driven markers observed in previous studies. Notably, their increased frequency correlates with high pre-existing HAI titers, suggesting a link between adaptive-like NK responses and humoral immunity. Together, our findings identify an NK subset influenced by age and sex that may contribute to influenza protection, expanding the known diversity of adaptive-like NK cells. These insights could inform future vaccine strategies, particularly for aging populations, by integrating NK responses into assessments of vaccine efficacy.
Details
- Title
- Adaptive-like NK cell responses to influenza correlate with humoral immunity and are influenced by age and sex
- Authors/Creators
- Eric Alves - School of Human Sciences, University of Western AustraliaJared M. Oakes - Vanderbilt UniversityJoshua D. Simmons - Vanderbilt University Medical CenterJennifer Currenti - Harry Perkins Institute of Medical ResearchJerome D. Coudert - Université de ToulouseBree Foley - School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western AustraliaJoan Eason - Vanderbilt University Medical CenterNatasha B. Halasa - Vanderbilt University Medical CenterH. Keipp Talbot - Vanderbilt University Medical CenterJessica L. Castilho - Vanderbilt University Medical CenterSimon A. Mallal - Institute for Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Murdoch UniversitySilvana Gaudieri - Murdoch UniversitySpyros A. Kalams - Vanderbilt University Medical Center
- Publication Details
- bioRxiv
- Publisher
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
- Edition
- 1.1
- Number of pages
- 49
- Identifiers
- 991005787981707891
- Murdoch Affiliation
- Institute for Immunology and Infectious Diseases; Personalised Medicine Centre
- Language
- English
- Resource Type
- Preprint
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