Journal article
High prevalence of undiagnosed obstructive sleep apnoea in the general population and methods for screening for representative controls
Sleep & breathing, Vol.17(3), pp.967-973
2013
PMID: 23161476
Abstract
Purpose
Undiagnosed obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) in the community makes comparisons of OSA subjects with control samples from the general population problematic. This study aims to estimate undiagnosed moderate to severe OSA in a general population sample and to determine the capacity of questions from the Berlin questionnaire (BQ) to identify subjects without diagnosed OSA of this severity.
Methods
Using a general population sample (n = 793) with no history of OSA, case and control status for moderate–severe OSA was determined by home-based nasal flow and oximetry-derived apnoea–hypopnoea index using a cut-off value of ≥15 events/h to define cases. The diagnostic accuracy of the complete BQ and its component questions in identifying cases was assessed by calculating sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, positive and negative likelihood ratios and post-test probabilities.
Results
The age-standardised prevalence estimate of moderate–severe OSA was 9.1 % (12.4 % in men, 5.7 % in women). Sensitivity of the BQ in this population was 54 %, and specificity, 70 %. A combination of questions regarding snoring frequency and hypertension provided maximal post-test probability of OSA and greatest post-screen sample size.
Conclusions
Undiagnosed OSA is highly prevalent in the Western Australian general population. While the complete BQ is a sub-optimal screening instrument for the general population, snoring frequency or hypertension can be used to screen out moderate–severe OSA from general population samples with limited reduction in sample size. As there are few general population samples available for epidemiological or genetic studies of OSA and its associated phenotypes, these results may usefully inform future case–control studies.
Details
- Title
- High prevalence of undiagnosed obstructive sleep apnoea in the general population and methods for screening for representative controls
- Authors/Creators
- Laila Simpson - Sir Charles Gairdner HospitalDavid R. Hillman - Sir Charles Gairdner HospitalMatthew N. Cooper - Univ Western Australia, Ctr Child Hlth Res, Telethon Inst Child Hlth Res, Perth, WA 6009, AustraliaKim L. Ward - The University of Western AustraliaMichael Hunter - The University of Western AustraliaStewart Cullen - Sir Charles Gairdner Hosp, Western Australian Sleep Disorders Res Inst, Perth, WA, AustraliaAlan James - The University of Western AustraliaLyle J. Palmer - Ontario Institute for Cancer ResearchSutapa Mukherjee - Sir Charles Gairdner HospitalPeter Eastwood - The University of Western Australia
- Publication Details
- Sleep & breathing, Vol.17(3), pp.967-973
- Publisher
- Springer Nature
- Number of pages
- 7
- Identifiers
- 991005591570907891
- Copyright
- © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2012
- Murdoch Affiliation
- Vice Chancellery
- Language
- English
- Resource Type
- Journal article
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- Collaboration types
- Domestic collaboration
- International collaboration
- Citation topics
- 1 Clinical & Life Sciences
- 1.137 Sleep Science & Circadian Systems
- 1.137.382 Obstructive Sleep Apnea
- Web Of Science research areas
- Clinical Neurology
- Respiratory System
- ESI research areas
- Neuroscience & Behavior