Logo image
New Mechanistic Insights: Why Do Plants Produce Isoprene?
Journal article   Open access   Peer reviewed

New Mechanistic Insights: Why Do Plants Produce Isoprene?

N. Zeinali, M. Altarawneh, D. Li, J. Al-Nu’airat and B.Z. Dlugogorski
ACS Omega, Vol.1(2), pp.220-225
2016
pdf
New Mechanistic Insights Why Do Plants Produce Isoprene.pdfDownloadView
Published (Version of Record) Open Access
url
Free to Read *No subscription requiredView

Abstract

In this article, we argue that the primary role of isoprene is to remove the singlet delta oxygen (O21Δg) that forms inside plants by ultraviolet excitation rather than to provide heat protection or scavenge ozone, OH, or other reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the gas phase. By deploying a quantum chemical framework, we address for the first time the exact mode of isoprene reactions with O21Δg, the most prominent ROS that causes damage to leaves. Initial reactions of isoprene with O21Δg comprise its addition at the two terminal carbon atoms. The two primary open-shell adducts that appear in these reactions undergo 1,2-cycloaddition to generate methyl vinyl ketone and methacrolein, the sole products detected from in-house (i.e., inside of plants) oxidation of isoprene. Formation of other products, comprising the peroxy O–O bonds, is kinetically insignificant. Furthermore, these adducts are thermodynamically too unstable to diffuse outside of plants. Oxidation of isoprene with O21Δg does not produce new ROS (such as OH or HO2), supporting the well-documented role of isoprene as an effective ROS scavenger. Deploying a solvation model reduces the energy requirements for the primary pathways in the range of 10–56 kJ/mol. The present results indicate that plants attach significant value to the in-home protection against O21Δg by investing carbon and energy into the formation of isoprene, in spite of the appearance of the cytotoxic methyl vinyl ketone as one of the reaction products. (The same chemical species also form in unrelated gas-phase reactions involving isoprene and other ROS.) This finding explains the primary reason for the appearance of the dynamic biosphere–atmosphere exchange of methyl vinyl ketone.

Details

UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

This output has contributed to the advancement of the following goals:

#3 Good Health and Well-Being
#11 Sustainable Cities and Communities
#13 Climate Action

Source: InCites

Metrics

35 File views/ downloads
62 Record Views

InCites Highlights

These are selected metrics from InCites Benchmarking & Analytics tool, related to this output

Citation topics
8 Earth Sciences
8.124 Environmental Sciences
8.124.10 Atmospheric Aerosols
Web Of Science research areas
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
ESI research areas
Chemistry
Logo image