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Upper airway collapsibility during dexmedetomidine and propofol sedation in healthy volunteers a nonblinded randomized crossover study
Journal article   Peer reviewed

Upper airway collapsibility during dexmedetomidine and propofol sedation in healthy volunteers a nonblinded randomized crossover study

Ase Lodenius, Kathleen J. Maddison, Brad K. Lawther, Mika Scheinin, Lars Eriksson, Peter R. Eastwood, David R. Hillman, Malin Jonsson Fagerlund and Jennifer H. Walsh
Anesthesiology (Philadelphia), Vol.131(5), pp.962-973
2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/ALN.0000000000002883
PMID: 31403974
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Abstract

dexmedetomidine propofol sedation procedure upper respiratory tract pharynx
Background Dexmedetomidine is a sedative promoted as having minimal impact on ventilatory drive or upper airway muscle activity. However, a trial recently demonstrated impaired ventilatory drive and induction of apneas in sedated volunteers. The present study measured upper airway collapsibility during dexmedetomidine sedation and related it to propofol. Methods Twelve volunteers (seven female) entered this nonblinded, randomized crossover study. Upper airway collapsibility (pharyngeal critical pressure) was measured during low and moderate infusion rates of propofol or dexmedetomidine. A bolus dose was followed by low (0.5 μg · kg−1 · h−1 or 42 μg · kg−1 · min−1) and moderate (1.5 μg · kg−1 · h−1 or 83 μg · kg−1 · min−1) rates of infusion of dexmedetomidine and propofol, respectively. Results Complete data sets were obtained from nine volunteers (median age [range], 46 [23 to 66] yr; body mass index, 25.4 [20.3 to 32.4] kg/m2). The Bispectral Index score at time of pharyngeal critical pressure measurements was 74 ± 10 and 65 ± 13 (mean difference, 9; 95% CI, 3 to 16; P = 0.011) during low infusion rates versus 57 ± 16 and 39 ± 12 (mean difference, 18; 95% CI, 8 to 28; P = 0.003) during moderate infusion rates of dexmedetomidine and propofol, respectively. A difference in pharyngeal critical pressure during sedation with dexmedetomidine or propofol could not be shown at either the low or moderate infusion rate. Median (interquartile range) pharyngeal critical pressure was −2.0 (less than −15 to 2.3) and 0.9 (less than −15 to 1.5) cm H2O (mean difference, 0.9; 95% CI, −4.7 to 3.1) during low infusion rates (P = 0. 595) versus −0.3 (−9.2 to 1.4) and −0.6 (−7.7 to 1.3) cm H2O (mean difference, 0.0; 95% CI, −2.1 to 2.1; P = 0.980) during moderate infusion of dexmedetomidine and propofol, respectively. A strong linear relationship between pharyngeal critical pressure during dexmedetomidine and propofol sedation was evident at low (r = 0.82; P = 0.007) and moderate (r = 0.90; P < 0.001) infusion rates. Conclusions These observations suggest that dexmedetomidine sedation does not inherently protect against upper airway obstruction.

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Collaboration types
Domestic collaboration
International collaboration
Citation topics
1 Clinical & Life Sciences
1.154 Assisted Ventilation
1.154.1403 Delirium
Web Of Science research areas
Anesthesiology
ESI research areas
Clinical Medicine
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